OBJECTIVE

To present the current state of the issue of feminizing surgery of the middle and lower third of the face as one of the stages of general feminization of appearance in male-to-female transition, and to emphasize the relevance of this problem today.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We have considered 37 articles. The review included data from 21 manuscripts. Literature searching was performed using the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, RSCI databases. The main inclusion criterion was the relevance of the methods and researches specific for transgender population.

RESULTS

In the recent past, correction of the genitals prevailed over procedures aimed at changing the appearance. Currently, there is a tendency towards the predominance of feminizing face and body surgeries because social integration is easier and faster after feminization of the visualized body parts followed by hormone therapy. In this report, we have summarized the modern concepts and standards for feminizing the middle and lower third of the face in transgender patients with male transsexualism. There are various techniques of feminizing operations of the middle and lower third of the face. The general principle of these procedures is maximum possible approximation of facial features to the female. As a rule, these are reduction procedures.

CONCLUSION

Feminization of the middle and lower third of the face is one of the main stages of sex reassignment surgery. These procedures ensure better patient satisfaction with their own bodies and significantly improve their quality of life.