Despite significant achievements in the field of regenerative medicine, the problem of wound healing is still relevant, since the result of the wound process is the formation of a scar, which is often a psychotraumatic factor that changes the patient’s social behavior, affecting his self-esteem and self-perception. A scar can also be the cause of functional disorders, for example, in the case of scar contracture in the face and neck after burns. There are several ways to prevent the formation of pathological scars: the effect directly on the intraoperative process; the effect on wound management in the early postoperative period; wound management during the entire wound process, i.e. until the scar matures. Animal experiments and laboratory models are used to develop and study the pathogenesis of the wound process, including inflammation and maturation of scar tissue. The obtained information allows us to develop effective methods of therapeutic action at all stages of repair, allowing to minimize the visible consequences of scarring of wounds. This literature review presents materials, methods and results of research on the treatment of wounds in laboratory animals, published from 2017 to 2020 in specialized international publications.