Objective. To substantiate the dysplastic nature of small axial shin deformities and to determine diagnostic criteria for dysplastic varus syndrome of the lower extremities and its treatment policy. Subjects and methods. The clinical and radiological data were randomly selected and studied in 160 patients out of 537 patients who had been operated on for diagnosed dysplastic varus deformity. The «3 angles and 4 symptoms» system designed by B.I. Simenach et al. was used to evaluate the anatomical and radiological status of the knee joints. Results. Assessing the radiographs of the selected patients revealed the factors indicating the dysplastic nature of the disease. The average varus deviation of the shin axis was 10.6±2.88 degrees; the opening angle of the medial joint space was 3.6 to 18.1 degrees; the average angle was 9.9±3.12 degrees. The mean value of the lateral opening angle was 7.05±1.66 degrees. The radiographs showed different types of symptoms, such as «obliquity» in 97.7% of the patients, «terrace»” in 26.2%, «pyramid» in 7%, and «facet» in 52.1%. The joint site of the medial condyle of the tibia was slant in the anteroposterior direction in 100% of the radiographs. The correction time averaged 4 to 34 (14.7±4.41) days; the mean fixation duration was 22 to 89 (34.8±8.41) days. The total treatment duration averaged 44 to 109 (56.8±8.5) days. During treatment, 11 (6.88%) patients developed complications. Eight (5%) patients were recorded to have perifocal pin inflammation that was relieved through conservative methods. In addition, 3 (1.8%) patients were found to have pin breaks that required their replacements. Conclusion. The procedure performed to treat dysplastic varus deformities of the lower extremities, by using the Ilizarov apparatus allows normalization of the lower extremities axes with the least trauma, in the shortest possible time, with maximum accuracy, and without a negative impact on the aesthetic and biomechanical results.