This review presents modern methods for assessing the antagonistic activity of microorganisms used to study probiotic candidate strains and their interactions with opportunistic microorganisms. Along with the classical two-layer agar method, alternative approaches are considered, such as the method of point analysis (with modifications), the method of delayed antagonism, the method of perpendicular «strokes», the disk diffusion method (with modifications), the method of microtiter plates and the method of co-cultivation. Special attention is paid to the advantages and limitations of each method, as well as their applicability for a detailed study of the mechanisms of action of probiotics and their potential in fighting infections. It is emphasized that the introduction of modern methods makes it possible to evaluate antagonistic activity more accurately, quickly and reproducibly, as well as automate the research process, which is especially important when working with a large number of strains and for the development of new probiotic drugs.

THE OBJECTIVES AND TASKS

Of the review are to generalize and systematize modern methods used to determine the antagonistic activity of microorganisms, identify their advantages and disadvantages, and determine promising areas of research in this area.

CONCLUSION

Methods for studying the antagonistic activity of microorganisms represent a variety of approaches that can be used both separately and in combination with each other. This allows for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between microorganisms and the development of new strategies to combat infections. Research in this area has significant potential for developing new therapeutic agents and improving the health of the general population.