The modern data on scabies epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis are presented in this study. The transmission routes, risk groups, problems related to identification and registration of this form of dermatosis, clinical manifestations, the main varieties of scabies, and diagnostic criteria are discussed. The laboratory diagnostic methods for scabies, including the modern ones (e.g., digital dermatoscopy), are described. The general principles of therapy and prevention of this disease are discussed. The effectiveness and safety of anti-scabies medications approved for use in the Russian Federation are reviewed. The data on different clinical studies on effectiveness and safety of Spregal aerosol to treat scabies in different cohorts are reported; the data demonstrate its advantage over other scabicides.