Celiac axiscompression syndrome is one of the causes of chronic abdominal ischemia. Until the present, questions about indications and contraindications for laparoscopic decompression of the celiac axis, technique of surgical intervention, intraoperative evaluation of the effectiveness of decompression, as well as evaluation the results of treatment in the early and late postoperative periods remaining abeyance. Material and methods. Since 2005 in A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery we performed 21 laparoscopic interventions for extravasal celiac trunk compression. Results. The results of treatment are traced in the long-term follow-up. The purpose of the operation was achieved in all cases, regardless of the access option to the celiac trunk. Conversions, intraoperative complications, as well as complications in the early postoperative period were absent. According to the data of ultrasonic duplex scanning before surgery, the average amount of narrowing of the celiac axis was 72.5%, in the early postoperative period it decreased to 42.5%, and in the late period it decreased to 33%. However, two patients were needed a second operation. Conclusion. Laparoscopic decompression of the celiac axis is the method of choice for patients with clearly defined indications to surgical treatment. Success in the treatment of patients with the celiac axis compression syndrome is achieved through a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of these patients.