Relevance. With the development of technical capabilities of surgery interest in minimally invasive treatment technologies is growing. Despite the achievements of modern Oncology, early diagnosis of malignant process remains insufficient, which results in a high incidence of late detection tumor damage. At the time of diagnosis, tumor resectability is not more than 20%, which requires the search for new minimally invasive technologies that increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with liver tumor processes. One of such methods at the moment is microwave ablation. Objective. To increase the effectiveness treatment of patients with primary and metastatic liver tumors. Material and methods. In the present study included 84 patients (39 (46%) men and 45 (54%) women) who were treated at the Oncology departments from 2014 to 2017, therefrom 24 (29%) — with primary cancer of the liver and 60 (71%) with metastatic lesions of the liver. The age of patients was from 30 to 80 years, the average age was 62.2±11.7 years. Lesion of the right lobe of the liver was revealed in 59 (70%) patients, the left lobe — in 19 (23%), bilobar lesion — in 6 (7%) patients. The number of foci in one patient varied from 1 to 4, sizes-from 5 to 37 mm, average size-27.6±2.1 mm. The microwave ablation was performed using AveCure MWG 881 apparatus with power of 32±2 Watts and microwave frequency of 902—928 MHz. The control of efficiency was evaluated in dynamics according to radiation diagnostics: ultrasound, MSCT, MRI with contrast enhancement of the abdominal cavity. Results. The average duration of surgery was 34,67±6,6 min, average exposure time of 7.0±2,3 min. Total number of complications amounted to 7 (8%) cases, all of them correspond to I and III according to the classification by Clavien—Dindo. The lifetime in the primary lesion of the liver was: annual — 87%, two years — 67%, three years — 42%; median survival was 31 months. The continued growth was revealed in one case with the destruction of the tumor focus of 37 mm. In metastatic liver lesions from colorectal cancer, life time was: one — year — 81%, two years — 71%, three years — 39%; in metastasis of breast cancer, one — year life expectancy was 83%, two-year — 75%, three-year — 58%; in metastasis of gastric cancer, one-year life expectancy was 71%, two — 57%, three-year — 28%. Median survival was 28 months. Local progression of the tumor process occurred in 3 (4%) metastatic foci out of 78 microwave ablations, the size of 2 (67%) nodes reached 31 and 35 mm, 1 (33%) of them was localized in S8-1 (100%). The disease-free period was 5—26 months, the median disease-free survival was 9 months. Conclusion. The local methods of destruction expand the indications for surgical treatment of patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer, increase the life expectancy and develop quality of life of unresectable patients with associated somatic pathology. These methods either decrease the amount of intraoperative and postoperative complications by means of its least invasive and least trauma. The local methods of destruction also reduce the length of hospital stays.