The Editorial Board can check the material using the
Anti-Plagiarism system. In the case of multiple borrowings, the Editorial Board operates in accordance with
COPE rules.
Instructions for Authors
When submitting your paper to the editorial office, you should strictly observe the following rules:
1. Formal Letter
The article must be accompanied by a formal letter from the institution where the work has been done and have a visa of the supervisor (download the referral form -
MS Word .docx). The letter may specify whether the article is associated with your dissertation.
Copies of certificates of authorship or innovation proposals, or permission for publication are also needed if these documents are mentioned in the text of the article or in the expert report.
Publication of articles is free of charge.
2. Sending the article
Materials should be sent via the website of the electronic edition (In Russ.):
https://cochrane.ru. It is necessary to pass registration on the site.
3. File requirements
An article must be typed in a 14 pitch-font, double-spaced on A4 paper (210x297 mm) with 2.5-cm margins on both sides of the text. All components of the article, except figures, must be submitted in a single electronic file.
The title page should contain: 1) an informative and rather concise title of the article; 2) the authors’ initials and surnames; 3) the official name of an affiliation and establishment, in which the work has been done; 4) academic degrees, academic ranks, positions, and place of employment (required with mailing address) of all authors; 5) the surname, name, patronymic, e-mail, and mobile phone of the author responsible for communicating with the editorial office; 6) a short running title of 5-6 words to be placed on the page of the journal; 7) information on funding sources; 8) information on a possible conflict of interest.
4. Authors' data
The article must be signed by all authors. It is imperative that the surname, name, patronymic of the author, with whom the journal’s editors will correspond, his/her address (with postcode), e-mail address, and phone number, be specified. If the authors of the article have different affiliations, contact information (e-mail) should be given for each organization.
Be sure to indicate an ORCID identifier for an author who submits an article and it is desirable to do this for each author of the article. If the ORCID identifier is absent, it should be obtained by registering on the website
https://orcid.org/. ORCID is a registry of unique identifiers of scientists and at the same time an appropriate method of linking their research activities to these identifiers. Today it is the only way to uniquely identify the personality of a scientist, especially in situations with full coincidence of the authors’ surname, name, and patronymic.
No more than 8 authors are allowed in the original article, no more than 4 in reviews and short communication.
5. Length of article
An original article should not exceed 15 pages (1800 characters including spaces per page) and should contain no more than 5-6 figures. A review should have 12-18 pages. Larger-volume articles describing original investigations are individually allowed by the decision of the Editorial Board. The number of figures and tables should correspond to the quantity of the provided information, according to the principle of necessary-and-sufficient relations. The data given in the tables should not duplicate those in the figures and text, and vice versa. Remember that the redundancy of illustrative material may entail a return of the article to the authors for reduction.
6. Abstract
The article must have an abstract
of 200 to 250 words, the beginning of which should completely repeat the title, the surnames of authors and their affiliation. For the correctness of the information provided, we recommend that authors should check the English spelling of the name of the institution on the website
https://grid.ac.
The abstract should be structured and contain the following subsections: objective, subjects/materials and methods, results, and conclusion. The abstract should briefly present the results of an investigation, a description of its design, groups, and its results with the main digital data. At the end of the abstract there should be 3-5 keywords that promote the indexing of the article in the information retrieval systems. Emphasis should be placed on the new and important aspects of an investigation or observations.
7. Exposition of the article
The article should be carefully edited and verified by the author. The description must be clear, without long introductions and repetitions.
8. Citations
Citations given in the article should be carefully checked; a footnote should indicate a reference, its title, year, issue, pages.
9. Abbreviations and acronyms
Abbreviations and acronyms, other than conventional abbreviations of chemical and mathematical variables, and terms are not allowed. The SI system should be used in the article.
Chemical formulas, doses are signed by the author on the margins. It is desirable to prepare mathematical formulas by using specialized mathematical software tools or Equation editors.
10. Article sections
Articles presenting original investigations should contain the following clearly delineated sections:
- Objective
- Subjects/Materials and methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
Section 3 may be combined with Section 4, i.e. Results and discussion.
The review paper should contain at least 70 references.
Introduction. This section briefly describes the problem with references to the most significant publications and states the need for an investigation.
Objective. This section contains 2-3 sentences that state what problem or hypothesis and for what purpose the author solves.
Subjects/Materials and methods. This section includes a detailed description of methods, the equipment used in an investigation, criteria for selection of animals and patients, the number and characteristics of patients with their distribution by gender and age, if required for the investigation. It must specify the principle of patient division into groups, as well as the design of the study. All study drugs and chemicals, including their international non-proprietary (common) name, doses, and routes of administration, should be given. This section should contain maximum information as necessary for further possible reproduction of results by other investigators, for comparison of the results of similar investigations, and for possible inclusion of these articles in a meta-analysis.
Herein, there is an indication of the adherence to both local and international ethical principles (compliance with the ethical principles of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals; Declaration of Helsinki; a patient’s informed consent). See “Ethical principles” for details.
At the end of this section, there is the subsection “Data processing” that indicates what data processing methods the author has used. If the study has been randomized, the principle of randomization is specified. Mean values are presented as M±m where M is the average arithmetic mean; m is the standard error of the mean. When displaying significance levels, it is desirable to give the exact p-value (p =... rather than p <...) in the text of the article and tables. Correlation coefficients should be given, indicating only their statistical significance, i.e. with the p-value, for example, r = 0.435; p = 0.006.
Results. Findings should be presented in a logical sequence with no references. Data are given very clearly as short descriptions with graphs, tables, and figures (do not duplicate data; there is only one way of their presentation!).
Percentages should be presented in the text of the article or tables, by simultaneously indicating the absolute value of the quantity that is taken as 100%, for example, 25% of the 120 patients. Another way is to show both the percentage and absolute values; for example 25% (30/120) or 30 (25%) of the 120 patients.
If there is a successive percentage recalculation, i.e. calculation of the percent of a percent (the percent of the number of study subjects/objects in the subgroup previously described in terms of percentages), it is necessary to clearly describe this procedure and to display the number of study subjects/objects, which are taken sequentially as 100%.
The required accuracy of the given percentage depends on the sample size:
- the so-called small samples (less than 20 study subjects/objects) are not generally accepted to be described in terms of percentages (since the percent value is found to be much greater than the absolute number of study subjects/objects in such cases). In these cases, absolute frequencies are indicated for the values of a particular characteristic.
- if the sample consists of 20 to 100 study subjects/objects, the percentages are presented as whole numbers.
- if the sample includes more than 100 study subjects/objects, the percentage is given with no more than one decimal digit.
Discussion. You should identify the new and important aspects of the results of the study performed, to analyze the possible mechanisms or interpretations of these findings, and to compare them with the data obtained by other investigators, wherever possible. The information already given in the section “Introduction” and the detailed data in the section “Results” should not be repeated. The discussion may include sound recommendations for clinical practice and the possible application of obtained results in future investigations.
Conclusion. One or two sentences should summarize the results of the work: what has been obtained, what this may suggest, or what this may mean, what purpose this serves, and what possibilities this reveals. You should reflect the prospects for using your results. You should avoid claiming priority and referring to your completed work.
11. International classification
Only the international CEAP classification should be used in the articles characterizing your own clinical material.
12. Tables
Tables should be clearly constructed and have a heading and a serial number; their headings should accurately match the content of columns. All figures, totals, and percentages in the tables must be carefully checked by the author and must correspond to those in the text. The latter must indicate the place of a table and its serial number.
13. Illustrations
The number of illustrations (photos, figures, drawings, and diagrams) should be absolutely necessary (no more than 5-6).
All figures should be inserted in the text of the article and provided in electronic format: a) scanned photos, images, and figures (raster images) which have a format, such as .jpg, .png .tif.; b) graphs, charts, and other illustrations prepared using computer programs should be submitted in the vector format: pdf, ai, svg, or Postscript. If the graphs are not provided in the vector format, the editors have the right to request the file in the format of the program in which it has been done, for example, in PowerPoint, Excel (this is required to verify the image originality). Figures submitted in Microsoft Word are not acceptable!
The raster images should have a resolution of 300 dpi or at least 1000 pixels on the long side. The full-screen image should be clear; the text easily readable. Captions, numbers, markers, and letters (a, b, c, etc.) within the figure should not be located over the important parts of an image. The text size should be at least 6 points; the text should be typed in the same font and in the same type size throughout the article.
If the original illustrations are color and are published in a black-and-white journal, they should be turned into black and white so that to avoid the possible loss of informative value. It is recommended that such illustrations be printed to a black-and-white printer to check if it is grayscale and the indications of color in the figure captions be avoided. It is especially important to track the graphs and diagrams in which a large number of colors are used. In such cases, the color should be replaced by numbers or symbols or the colors should be converted to black-and-white patterns of hatching or shades of gray. The black-and-white charts, graphs, and diagrams should not use more than 5 shades of gray, including black and white.
Portraits should be full-face. They should have a vertical position. The face must not be against a dark background. The background should not contain interior design items merging in tone with the face and clothing. The portraits for articles dedicated to anniversaries and obituaries must have a resolution of 300 dpi with a width of 50 mm.
It is prohibited:
- To submit illustrations that may be used to identify a patient without his/her informed consent.
- To submit illustrations taken from previously published sources (including the Internet) without written permission from the author/rightholder. The exception is CC-BY images that may be published citing the source.
- To use three-dimensional bar charts and circle diagrams.
- To submit low-informative graphs that reflect less than 6 digital values; they should be converted to the text.
14. Figure captions
Figure captions should be numbered; the place for a figure must be indicated in the text. The captions should provide an explanation of the meanings of all curves, letters, figures, and other reference designations.
15. References
A list of references should be typed on a separate sheet, double-spaced; with a serial number for each reference on a new line, by indicating a DOI (if available). References should be numbered consecutively as they are cited rather than in alphabetical order. Text references should be indicated by Arabic numerals in square brackets.
The references should enumerate all the authors who are given in the text as they are cited in the text rather in alphabetical order.
The references must necessarily include authors’ surname and initials, full name of book, place and year of publication for books; authors’ surname and initials, full title of article, name of journal, collection, year, issue, and complete page range for journals, collections.
According to the new rules that take into consideration the requirements of international citing systems, such as Web of Science and Scopus, the references should be included in the English-language part of an article and, accordingly, must be given not only in the original language, but also be necessarily transliterated to Latin script (Roman alphabet).
References to unpublished works are not allowed.
One paragraph of the reference list must STRICTLY contain ONLY ONE SOURCE.
For example:
References
2. Matsumoto K, Nakamaru M, Obara H, Hayashi S, Harada H, Kitajima M, Shirasugi N, Nouga K. Surgical Strategy for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with Concurrent Symptomatic Malignancy.
World Journal of Surgery. 1999;23(3):248-251.
https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00013189
All references to journal articles must include a DOI, a unique Digital Object Identifier of the article in the CrossRef system. Whether the article’s DOI is available on the website
http://search.crossref.org/ or
https://www.citethisforme.com should be checked. To obtain the DOI, the article’s title in English must be entered into a search box. In addition to DOI, the latest site automatically creates properly formatted references in English in the AMA citation style. The vast majority of foreign journal articles and many Russian-language articles, which have been published since 2013, are registered in the CrossRef system and have a unique DOI.
Please, pay attention to the only proper format for citing DOI.
Example:
Variants with “doi:”, “dx.doi.org”, etc. should not be used. Only a hyphen should be used in the body of a reference.
A point should not be put after DOI and URL (http)!
Examples of formatting different types of references:
|
Source type
|
Source
|
|
Standard journal article
|
|
|
Article in the issue with supplement
|
|
|
Book (authors)
|
Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurses. 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996.
|
|
Book (edited by)
|
For the whole book:
Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, eds. Mental health care for elderly people. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996.
For the part in the book:
Lewinsohn P. Depression in adolescents. In: Gottlib IH, Hammen CL, eds. Handbook of Depression. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2002:541-553.
|
|
Legal materials (bills, codes, enactments, orders, federal standards, regulations)
(Citation is allowed only if available in the Internet public domain)
|
|
|
Patent
(Citation is allowed only if available in the Internet public domain)
|
Rabiner RA, Hare BA, inventors; OmniSonics Medical Technologies Inc, assignee. Apparatus for removing plaque from blood vessels using ultrasonic energy. US patent 6,866,670. March 15, 2005.
|
|
Media and electronic materials
|
|
|
Journal article in electronic format
|
|
Authors are responsible for the correctness of the data given in the list of references.
References in the text of the article must be given with their numbers in square brackets in accordance with the reference list.
The authors mentioned in the article should be obligatorily given with initials, at the same time they must be indicated in the list of references. The names of foreign authors are given in the original transcription.
16. Editorial shortens and corrections
The Editorial Board reserves the right to shorten and correct articles.
17. Previously published articles
The articles previously published or submitted to another journal may not be sent.
18. Non-compliance with design rules
The articles that do not comply with the above requirements will be returned to the authors without consideration.
19. Peer review procedure
The procedure of peer reviewing the author's materials is as follows:
All articles submitted for publication in the journal will undergo a peer review process.
Peer Reviewers handle the article as confidential material, by strictly observing the author’s right to confidentiality before the information contained in the article is published. Additional experts may be attracted to work by the reviewer only with the permission of the Editorial Board and also pursuant to the terms of a Confidentiality Agreement.
The comments of peer reviewers are sent to the author without specifying their names. A decision to publish (or reject) the article is made by the Editorial Board after receiving peer reviews and an author’s responses.
In some cases the Editorial Board may send the article for further peer review, including for statistical and methodological one.
For their expert evaluation, all materials submitted to the journal, which correspond to its topics, should be peer reviewed. All peer reviewers are recognized experts on the topics of peer reviewed materials and have publications on the subject of a peer reviewed article over the past 3 years. Peer reviews are kept in the Publishing House and the Editorial Office for 5 years.
The journal’s Editorial Board sends the copies of peer reviews or a reasoned refusal to the authors of the submitted materials and also those of peer reviews to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation upon receipt of the relevant request to the Editorial Board.
The journal’s Editorial Board keeps assessing of the quality of peer reviewing, by using the Russian version of the questionnaire Review Quality Instrument (Version 3.2), van Rooyen S., Black N., Godlee F.J Clin Epidemiol 1999; 52: 625—629.
20. Authors' participation
Original articles should indicate the contribution of each author to which stage taken by him/her to prepare the article:
-
Investigation conception and design
-
Material collection and processing
-
Statistical processing of data
-
Text writing
-
Editing
Example:
Authors: I.I. Ivanov, P.P. Petrov, S.S. Sidorov
Participation of authors:
-
Investigation conception and design – I.I. Ivanov, S.S. Sidorov
-
Material collection and processing – P.P. Petrov
-
Statistical processing – P.P. Petrov
-
Text writing – S.S. Sidorov
-
Editing – I.I. Ivanov
21. Conflict of interests
When submitting their manuscript, authors are responsible for disclosing their financial and other interests of conflict, which are able to affect their work.
All essential conflicts of interest must be included in the manuscript (in the footnote on the title page).
If there are sponsors, authors must indicate their role in determining the design of investigation, in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting the data, and in deciding to publish the findings. The fact that the sources of financing have not participated in such actions should also be noted.
22. Informed consent
Do not publish:
- any information that can identify a patient (by indicating his/her name, initials, case history numbers on photos, by making written descriptions and genealogies), except the cases that are of great scientific value and the patient (his parents or guardians) has given his/her (their) informed consent. Obtaining the consent should be reported in the article to be published.
23. Human and animal rights
If the article depicts human experiments, it should indicate whether they comply with the ethical standards of the Committee on Human Experiments (which is part of the institution in which the work has been done, or which is regional) or the 1975 Helsinki Declaration or its 2000 revision.
When describing animal experiments, the article should show whether the keeping and use of laboratory animals comply with the rules adopted at the institution, the recommendations of the National Research Council, and national laws.
Contacts
The Editorial Office can be contacted as follows:
Head of Editorial Board — L.N. Afanaseva
Materials of the journal are available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0): it is allowed to use, copy, quote for noncommercial purposes with the obligatory indication of the name of the author of the work and the source of borrowing. Full text of the license.
