Introduction. Radiation therapy of small vestibular schwannomas is quite often used as an effective alternative to surgical treatment. At the same time, 2―10% of patients are detected with radioresistant tumors progressing to varying degrees, which is associated with continued tumor growth. In these cases, a decision on surgical resection or re-irradiation of the tumor is made depending on the neurological symptoms, patient’s somatic status, and neuroimaging data. Surgical outcomes and intraoperative findings in pre-irradiated patients have been poorly represented in the literature, for which reason we decided to conduct this study. The paper presents a series of patients with vestibular schwannomas who underwent surgical removal of the tumor after radiotherapy. Material and methods. A total of 39 patients with vestibular schwannomas after radiotherapy underwent surgery at the Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute in 2007―2017. Of these, 22 patients had a tumor removed after a previously performed combined surgical and radiotherapy treatment (group I), and 17 patients underwent tumor resection after previous radiological treatment (group II). The surgical outcomes were studied depending on various factors, and an analysis of the morphological changes in vestibular schwannomas after radiological treatment was carried out. Results. In group I, the tumor was resected totally in 18% of patients, almost totally in 5% of patients, subtotally in 68% of patients, and partially in 9% of patients. In group II, the tumor was resected totally in 6% of patients, almost totally in 12% of patients, subtotally in 76% of patients, and partially in 6% of patients. We found that post-radiation changes in patients undergoing surgery led to an increase in the response of neurovascular structures to surgical intervention, development of pronounced fibrosis around tumors, and changes in the structure of tumors that became more solid. As a result, surgical morbidity increased, and the patient’s quality of life after surgery deteriorated.