The site of the Media Sphera Publishers contains materials intended solely for healthcare professionals.
By closing this message, you confirm that you are a certified medical professional or a student of a medical educational institution.

Tseĭtlina M.A.

Ob''edinennyĭ institut iadernykh issledovaniĭ;
laboratoriia iadernykh problem, Dubna, Moskovskaia oblast'

Luchin E.I.

Ob''edinennyĭ institut iadernykh issledovaniĭ;
laboratoriia iadernykh problem, Dubna, Moskovskaia oblast'

Proton "radiosurgery" of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Authors:

Tseĭtlina M.A., Luchin E.I.

More about the authors

Journal: Burdenko's Journal of Neurosurgery. 2011;75(1): 72‑79

Read: 2895 times


To cite this article:

Tseĭtlina MA, Luchin EI. Proton "radiosurgery" of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Burdenko's Journal of Neurosurgery. 2011;75(1):72‑79. (In Russ.)

References:

  1. Agapov A.V., Gaevskii V.N., Gulidov I.A. Metodika trekhmernoi protonnoi luchevoi terapii. Pis'ma v EChAYa 2005;2:6:80-86.
  2. Vaison A.A., Lomanov M.F., Shmakova N.L. i dr. Otnositel'naya biologicheskaya effektivnost' uskorennykh protonov v razlichnykh uchastkakh krivoi Bregga. Radiobiologiya 1971;11:2:258-264.
  3. Vaison A.A., Lomanov M.F., Podsvirova V.P., Shmakova N.L. Radio­biologicheskie issledovaniya na protonnom puchke ITEF. Reprint OIYaI 1975;9035:85-91.
  4. Vaison A.A., Gol'din L.L., Dzhelepov V.P. Radiobiologicheskie osnovy ispol'zovaniya zaryazhennykh chastits v luchevoi terapii. V kn.: Aktual'nye radiobiologicheskie problemy diagnosticheskogo i lechebnogo primeneniya ioniziruyushchikh izluchenii. L 1981;11-14.
  5. Gaidar B.V., Rameshvili T.E., Trufanov G.E. i dr. Znachenie magnitno-rezonansnoi tomografii i angiografii v diagnostike arteriovenoznykh mal'formatsii golovnogo mozga. Sbornik nauchnykh rabot "Aktual'nye problemy voennoi neirokhirurgii". St-Peterburg 1996;72-76.
  6. Golanov A.V., Konovalov A.N., Kornienko V.N. i dr. Pervyi opyt primeneniya ustanovki "Gamma-nozh" dlya radiokhirurgicheskogo lecheniya intrakranial'nykh ob''emnykh obrazovanii. Vopr neirokhir 2007;1:3-11.
  7. Iglin A.V., Agapov A.V., Gaevskii V.N. Luchevaya terapiya na puchkakh fazotrona laboratorii yadernykh problem. Nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya "Aktual'nye voprosy onkologii i onkologicheskoi pomoshchi v sisteme FMBA Rossii", 2-ya. M 2006;143.
  8. Konov B.A., Karlin D.L., Nizkovolos V.B. Fiziko-tekhnicheskii kompleks protonnoi terapii na 1000 MeV sinkhrotsiklotrone LKYaF. Pervyi mezhdunarodnyi seminar po ispol'zovaniyu protonnykh puchkov v luchevoi terapii. M: ITEF 1977;1:50.
  9. Krymskii V.A., Minakova E.I., Luchin E.I. i dr. Protonnoe obluchenie spontannykh arteriosinusnykh soustii oblasti kavernoznogo sinusa. Med radiol 1987;8:57-61.
  10. Lomanov M.F. Faktory, vliyayushchie na biologicheskuyu effektivnost' protonov. Kosm biol i med 1972;3:88-90.
  11. Luchin E.I. Protonnoe stereotaksicheskoe obluchenie opukholei oblasti kavernoznogo sinusa: Avtoref. dis. ... kand. med. nauk. M 1990.
  12. Mastryukova M.V., Sperzhitovskii A.D. Biologicheskoe deistvie protonov vysokikh energii na kletki radiorezistentnykh i radiochuvstvitel'nykh tkanei. Biologicheskoe deistvie protonov vysokikh energii. M: Atomizdat 1967;286-288.
  13. Minakova E.I., Krymskii V.A., Luchin E.I. i dr. Protonnaya terapiya v neirokhirurgicheskoi klinike. Med radiol 1987;8:36-42.
  14. Minakova E.I., Krymskii V.A., Luchin E.I. i dr. Stereotaksicheskoe obluchenie protonnym puchkom patologicheskikh obrazovanii kavernoznogo sinusa. Vsesoyuznyi s''ezd neirokhirurgov, 4-i: Tezisy dokladov. L-Moskva 1988;251-252.
  15. Nikiforov A.S., Konovalov A.N., Gusev E.I. Klinicheskaya nevrologiya III (2). M: Meditsina 2004;160-178.
  16. Savchenko O.V. 40 let protonnoi terapii na sinkhrotsiklotrone i fazotrone laboratorii yadernykh problem Ob''edinennogo instituta yadernykh issledovanii. Preprint Ob''edinennogo instituta yadernykh issledovanii. Dubna 2007.
  17. Tissen T.P., Pronin I.N., Belova T.V. Vozmozhnosti spiral'noi komp'yuternoi tomografii v neirokhirurgii. Neirokhirurgiya 2001;1:14-18.
  18. Trufanov G.E., Rameshvili T.E., Fokin V.A., Svistov D.V. Luchevaya diagnostika sosudistykh mal'formatsii i arterial'nykh anevrizm golovnogo mozga. St-Peterburg: ELBI-SPb 2005;10-14.
  19. Khoroshkov B.C., Barabash L.S., Barkhudaryan A.V. i dr. Protonnyi puchok uskoritelya ITEF dlya luchevoi terapii. Med radiol 1969;4:58.
  20. Shalek R.A., Vinogradov V.M., Garmashov Yu.A. Stereotaksicheskaya protonnaya radiokhirurgiya i fotonnaya terapiya arteriovenoznykh mal'formatsii. Radiologiya - praktika 2008;4:13-18.
  21. Yakovlev S.B., Bocharov A.V., Arustamyan S.R. i dr. Endovaskulyarnoe lechenie arteriovenoznykh mal'formatsii golovnogo mozga. S''ezd neirokhirurgov Rossii, 4-i: Materialy. M 2006;312.
  22. Apsimon H.T., Reef H., Phadke R.V. et al.  A population-based study of brain arteriovenous malformation. Long-term treatment outcomes. Stroke 2002;33:2794-2800.
  23. Archambeau J.O., Bennett G.W., Levine G.S. et al. Proton radiation therapy. Radiol 1974;110:445-457.
  24. Baumert B.G., Lomax A.J. et al. A comparison of dose distributions of proton and photon beams in stereotactic conformal radiotherapy of brain lesions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;49:5:1439-1449.
  25. Berman M.F., Sciacca R.R., Pile-Spellman J. et al. The epidemiology of brain arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 2000;47:2:389-396.
  26. Berenstein A., Lasjaunias P. Surgical Neuroangiography. New York: Springer-Verlag 1987;4.
  27. Betti O.O., Derechinsky V.E. Hyperselective encephalic irradiation with a linaer accelerator. Acta Neurochir 1984;33:Suppl: 385-390.
  28. Bolsi A., Fogliata A., Cozzi L. Radiotherapy of small intracranial tumors with different advanced techniques using photon and proton beams: a treatment planning study. Radiother and Oncol 2003;68:1-4.
  29. Brown R.D. Simple risk predictions for  arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2000;46:1024.
  30. Brown R., WiebersD., Torner J. et al. Frequency of intracranial hemorrhage as a presenting symptom and subtype analysis a population-based study of intracranial vascular malformations in Olmsted County, Minnesota. J Neurosurg 1996;85:29-32.
  31. Backlund E.O. Solid craniopharyngiomas treated by stereotactic radiosurgery. In Stereotactic Cerebral Irradiation. Ed. G. Szikla. INSERM Symposium 12. Elsevier 1979;271-281.
  32. Buis D.R., van den Berg R., Lycklama G. et al. Spontaneous regression of brain arteriovenous malformations - a clinical study and a systematic review of the literature. J Neurol 2004;251:11:1375-1382.
  33. Chen C.C., Chapman P., Petot J. Proton radiosurgery in neurosurgery. Neurosurg Focus 2007;23:6:E5.
  34. Chen C.C., Chapman P., Petit J. Proton radiosurgery in neurosurgery. Neurosurg Focus 2007;23.
  35. Colombo F., Pozza F., Chierego G. et al. Linear accelerator radiosurgery of cerebral artteriovenous malfomations: an update. Neurosurgery 1994;34:14-20; discussion 20-21.
  36. Colombo F., Benedetti A., Pozza F. External stereotactic irradiation by linear accelerator. Neurosurgery 1985;16:154-160.
  37. Crawford P., West C., Chadwick D. Arteriovenous malformations of the brain: natural history in unoperated patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 1986;49:1-10.
  38. Dawson R.C. III, Tarr R.W., Hecht S.T. et al. Treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the brain with combined embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery: resalt after 1 and 2 years. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1990;11:857-864.
  39. Degerblad M., Rahn M., Bergstrand G. et al. Long-term results of stereotactic radiosurgery to the pituitary gland in Cushing disease. Acta Endocrinol 1986;112:310-314.
  40. Esteves S.C., Nadalin V., Piske R.L. et al. Radiosurgery with a linear accelerator in cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Rev Ass Med Bras 2008;54:2:167-172.
  41. Fabricant J.I. et al. Heavy-charged-particle radiosurgery of intracranial arteriovenous malformations: Clinical results and future research directions. In: Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Ed. L.D. Lunsford. Elsevier Update 1992;102-112.
  42. Fabricant J.I., Levy R.P., Steinberg G.R. et al. Charged-particle radiosurgery for intracranial vascular malformaions. Neurosurg Clin North Am 1992;3:99-139.
  43. Fabricant J.I., Levy R.P. et al. Heavy-charged-particle radiosurgery for intracranial vascular disorders: Clinical results of 350 patients. In: Proceedings of the European Particle Accelerator Conference. Nice 1990;S61-S63.
  44. Fabricant J.I., Lyman J.T., Hosobuchi Y. Stereotactic heavy-ion Bragg peak radiosurgery for intracranial vascular disorders: method for treatment of deep arteriovenous malformations. Br J Radiol 1984;57:479-490.
  45. Flickinger J.C., Pollock B.E., Kondziolka D. et al. A dose-response analysis of arteriovenous malformation obliteration after radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996;36:873-/879.
  46. Forster D.M., Steiner L., Hakanson S. Arteriovenous malformations of the brain a long-term clinical study. J Neurosurg 1972;37:562-570.
  47. Friedman W.A., Bova F.J., Mendenhall W.M. Lenear accelerator radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations: the relationship of size to outcome. J Neurosurg 1995;82:180-189.
  48. Friedman W.A., Spiegelman R. LINAC radiosurgery. Clin N Am 1992;3:14l-l66.
  49. Gerszten P.C., Aderson P.D., Kondziolka D. et al. Seizure outcome in children treated for arteriovenous malformations using gamma knife radiosurgery. Pediatr Neurosurg 1996;24:139-144.
  50. Gobin Y.P., Laurent A., Merienne L. et al. Treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations by embolization and radiosurgery. J Neurosurg 1996;85:19-28.
  51. Goitein M., Abrams M. Multi-dimensional treatment planning. I Delineation of anatomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1983;9:6:777-787.
  52. Goitein M.L., Abrams M., Rowell D. Multi-dimensional treatment planning: II. Beam's eye-view, back projection and projection through CT sections. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1983;9:6:789-797.
  53. Graft C.J., Perret G.E., Torner J.C. Bleeding from cerebral arteriovenous malformations as part of ther natural history. J Neurosyrg 1983;58:331-337.
  54. Greenberg M.S. Handbook of neurosurgery. 5-th ed. Thieme 2001.
  55. Hamilton M., Spetzler R. The prospective application or a grading system for arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 1994;34:2-7.
  56. Hartmann G.H., Schlegel W., Strum V. et al. Cerebral radiation surgery using moving field irradiation at a linear accelerator facility. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1985;11:6:1185-1192.
  57. Heros R.C., Morcos J., Korosue K. Arteriovenous malformations of the brain. Surgical management. Clin Neurosurg 1993;40:139-173.
  58. Hofmeister C., Hartmann A., Meisel J. et al. Epidemiological, clinical and morphological characteristics of 1266 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations. In: 7th European stroke Conferens, 1998. Edinburgh UK. Cerebrovascular Dis 1998;65.
  59. Jae-Gyun Choe, Yong-Seok Im. et al. Retrospective analysis on 76 cases of cerebral arteriovenous malformations treated by gamma knife radiosurgery. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2008;43:265-269.
  60. Jafar J.J., Davis A.J., Berenstein A. et al. The effect of embolization with N-butylcyanoacrylate prior to surgical resection of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1993;78:60-69.
  61. Joarder R., Gedrous W.M. Magnetic resonance angiography state of art. Eur Radiol 2001;11:3:446-453.
  62. Karlson V., Lindquist M., Lindquist S. Long-term angiographic outcome of arteriovenous malformations responding incompletely to gamma knife surgery. Radiosurgery 1996;1:188-194.
  63. Karlsson V., Lindquist C., Johansson A., Steiner L. Annual risk for the first haemorrhage from untreated cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Min Invas Neurosurg 1997;40:2: 40-46.
  64. Kemeny A.A., Dias P.S., Forster D.M. Results of stereotactic radiosurgery of arteriovenous malformations: an analysis of 52 cases. J  Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 1989;554-558.
  65. Kjellberg R.N., Hanamura T., Davis K.R. Bragg-peak proton-beam therapy for arteriovenous malformations of the brain. N Engl J Med 1983;309:269-274.
  66. Kjellberg R.N., HanamuraT., Davis D.R. et al. Bragg-peak proton-beam therapy for arteriovenous malformations. Ann Clin Res 1986;18:47:17-19.
  67. Kjellberg R.N., Sweet W.H. The Bragg-peak of proton beam in intracranial therapy of tumors. Trans Am Neurol Ass 1962;87:216-218.
  68. Kocher M., Wilms M., Makoski H.B. et al. Alpha/beta ratio for arteriovenous malformations estimated from obliteration rates after fractionated and single-dose irradiation. Radiother Oncol 2004;71:1:109-114.
  69. Leksell L. Cerebral radiosurgery. Acta Chir Scand 1968;134:585-595.
  70. Leksell L. Stereotaxis and radiosurgey an operative system. Springfield, Illinois: Charles S Thomas 1971.
  71. Leksell D. Stereotactic radiosurgery. Neurol Res 1987;9:60-68.
  72. Leksell L. The stereotactic method and radiosurgery of the brain. Acta Chir Scand 1951;102:316-319.
  73. Lee S.K., Vilela P., Willinsky R. et al. Spontaneous regression of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: clinical and angiographic analysis with review of the literature. Neuroradiology 2002;44:1:11-16.
  74. Levy R.P., Fabricant J.I., Frankel K.A. et al. Clinical-radiological evaluation of sequelae of stereotactic radiosurgery for intracranial arteriovenouse malformations. Lawrence Berkeley Lab Report LBL-28255 1989.
  75. Levy R.P., Fabricant J.I., Frankel K.A. Charged-particle radiosurgery of the  brain. Neurosurg Clin North Am 1990;1:955-990.
  76. Lunsford L.D., Kondziolka D., Flickinger J.C. et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations of the brain. J Neurosurg 1991;75:512-524.
  77. Mast H., Young W.L., Koennecke H.C. et al. Risk of spontaneous haemorrhage after diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous malformation. Lancet 1997;350:1065-1068.
  78. Marks M.P., DeLaPaz R.L., Fabrikant J.I. et al. Intracranial vascular malformations: Imaging of charged particle radiosurgery. Part II. Complications. Radiology 1988;168:457-462.
  79. Melnikov L.A., Konnov B.A., Yalynych N.N. Radiosurgery of cerebral AVM.  In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on proton and Narrow Photon Beam Therapy. Oulu 1989;92-98.
  80. Noren G., Arndt J., Hindmarsh T. Stereotactic radiosurgery of neurinomas of acoustic nerves: follow-up study. Neurosurgery 1983;13:1:12-22.
  81. Ogilvy C.S. et al. Recommendations for the Management of Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations. Stroke 2001;32:6:1458.
  82. Ogilvy C.S. Radiation therapy for arteriovenous malformations: a review. Neurosurgery 1990;27:6:1027.
  83. Ondra S., Troupp H., George E. et al. The natural history of symptomatic arteriovenous malformations of the brain: a 24-year follow up assessment. J Neurosurg 1990;73:387-391.
  84. Pascual V., Lagares A., Miranda P. et al. Spontaneous regression of cerebral arteriovenous malformations case report and review of the literature. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2007;18:4:326-329.
  85. Pasqualin A., Baron G., Cioffi F. The relevance of anatomic and haemodynamic factors to classification of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery 1991;28:3:370-379.
  86. Perret G., Nishioka H. Report of the cooperative study of intracranial aneurisms and subarachnoid haemorrhage: arteriovenous malformations. An analysis of 545 cases of craniocerebral arteriovenous malformations and fistulae reported to the cooperative study. J Neurosurg 1966;25:467.
  87. Phillips M.H., Frankel K.A., Lyman J.T. Comparison of different radiation types and irradiation geometries in stereotactic radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1990;18:1:211-220.
  88. Picus H.J., Beach M.L., Harbaugh R.E. Microsurgical treatment of arteriovenous malformations: analysis and comparison with stereotactic radiosurgery. J Neurosurg 1998;88:4:641-646.
  89. Pik J.H., Morgan M.K. Microsurgery for small arteriovenous malformations of the brain: results in 110 consecutive patients. Neurosurgery 2004;7:3:571-575.
  90. Prasad D. Gamma-knife Surgery and Microsurgery: a comparison of published results. Virginia: University Virginia 2002;647-654.
  91. Purdy P.D., Samson D., Batjer H.H. et al. Preoperative embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations with polyvinyl alcohol particles: experience in 51 adults. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1990;11:501-510.
  92. Raju M.R., Almos H.I., Dicello J.R. et al. A heavy particle comparative study. Br J Radiol 1978;51:699-703.
  93. Raju R. Heavy particle radiotherapy. New York: Academic Press 1980;94.
  94. Rodriguez A., Levy R.P., Fabrikant J.I. Experimental central nervous system injury after charged-particle irradiation. In: Radiation Injury to the Nervous System. Eds. P.H. Gutin, S.A. Leibel, G.E. Sheline. New York: Raven Press 1991;149-182.
  95. Rosenwasser R.H., Thomas J.E., Gannon P.M. et al. Current Strategies for the Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations. Rolling Meadows III. Am Ass Neurol Surg 1998.
  96. Shaller C., Schramm J., Huan D. Significance of factors contributing to surgical complications and to late outcome after elective surgery of cerebral arteriovenous malfomations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 1998;65:4:547-554.
  97. Sisti M., Kader A., Stein B. Microsurgery for 67 intracranial arteriovenous malformations less than 3cm in diameter. J Neurosurg 1994;79:653-660.
  98. Sisterson J. Partical Therapy Co-Operative Group (PTCOG). Particles Newsletter Net Kjellberg R.N: Stereotactic Bragg peak proton beam radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Ann Clin Res 1986;18:Suppl 47:17-19.
  99. Statham P., Macpherson P., Johnston R. Cerebral radiation necrosis complicating stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 1990;53:476-479.
  100. Steiner L. (ed). Radiosurgery. Baselines and Trends. New York: Raven Press 1992;209-220.
  101. Steiner L., Leksell L., Greitz T. et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Report of case. Acta Chir Scand 1972;138:459-464.
  102. Steiner L., Lindquist C.H. Radiosurgery in cerebral arteriovenous malformation. In: Neurosurgery State of Art Reviews. Stereotactic Surgery. Ed. R.R. Tasker. Philadelelphia: Hanley & Belfus 1987;329-336.
  103. Steinberg G.K., Fabrikant J.I., Marks M.P. et al. Stereotactic heavy-charged-particle Bragg-peak radiation for intracranial arteriovenous malformations. N Engl J Med 1990;323:96-101.
  104. Steiner L., Lindquist C., Adler J.R., et al. Clinical outcome of radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 1992;77:1-8.
  105. Sreinberg G.K., Fabrikant J.I., Marks M.P. et al. Stereotactic heavy-charged-particl Bragg-peak radiation for intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Engl J Med 1990;323:96-101.
  106. Steinberg G.K., Levy R.P., Marks M.P., Fabrikant J.I. Charged- particle radiosurgery. In: Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Eds. E. Alexander, I.S. Loeffler, L.D. Lunsford. New York: McGrow-Hill 1993;122-135.
  107. Tobias S.A. et al. Am J Roentgenol 1952;67:1.
  108. Tobias S.A., Anger H.O., Lawrence J.H. Radiological use of high energy detrons and alpha particles. Am J Roentgenol 1952;67:1-27.
  109. Tobias C.A., Lawrence J.H., Born J.L. et al. Pituitary irradiation with high energy proton beams: a preliminary report. Cancer Res 1958;18:121-134.
  110. Troost B.T., Mark L.E., Maroon J.S. Resolution or classic migraine after removal of an occipital lobe AVM. Ann Neurol 1979;5:199.
  111. Tseitlina M.A., Luchin Ye.I., Agapov A.V. et al. Proton "Radiosurgery" of intracranial artetiovenous malformations: Dubna experience. Abstracts of PTCOG-48. Germany 2009;FC74.
  112. Valavanis A., Yasargil M.G. The endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 1998;24:131-214.
  113. Venuela F.V., Debrun G.M., Fox A.J. et al. Dominant-hemisphere arteriovenous malformations therapeutic embolization with isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylat. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1983;4:959-566.
  114. Vinuela F., Dion J.E., Duckwiler G. et al. Combinet endovascular embolization and surgery in the management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: experiens with 101 cases. J Neurosurg 1991;75:856-864.
  115. Waltimo O., Hokkanen E., Pirskanen R. Intracranial arteriovenous malformation and headache. Headache 1975;15:133.
  116. Wikholm G. Role of transarterial embolization in the managmant of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Goteborg (Sweden) 1996.
  117. Wilson R.R. Radiological use of fast protons. Radiology 1946;47:487-491.
  118. Yakes W.F., Leuthke J.M., Parker S.H. et al. Ethanol embolization of vascular malformations. Radiographics 1990;10:787-796.
  119. Yano T., Kodama T., Suzuki Y. Gadolinium - enhanced 3D time-of-flight MR-angiography. Acta Radioligica l997;38:1:47-54.
  120. Yamamoto Y., Coffey R.J., Nichols D.A. et al.  Interim report on the radiosurgical treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations the influence of size, dose, time and technical factors on obliteration rate. J Neurosurg 1995;83:832-937.
  121. www.ptcog.web.psi.chwww.ptcog.web.psi.ch

Email Confirmation

An email was sent to test@gmail.com with a confirmation link. Follow the link from the letter to complete the registration on the site.

Email Confirmation

We use cооkies to improve the performance of the site. By staying on our site, you agree to the terms of use of cооkies. To view our Privacy and Cookie Policy, please. click here.