The aim of the study was to evaluate the abrasive effect of toothpaste with nanodiamonds of detonation synthesis of different concentrations on tooth enamel of experimental animals (rats). The analysis of microphotographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy from all studied groups showed different abrasive and polishing effects of nanodiamonds in all observed anatomical zones on the vestibular surface of rat tooth enamel. At all concentrations of pastes containing nanodiamonds, tightly attached nanodiamonds were observed on the vestibular surface of the enamel of the teeth under study, there was a tendency to the formation of depots. It is interesting to note that on the enamel of the teeth of rats, even after treatment with a paste with the lowest concentration of nanodiamonds 0.5%, except for single deposits of nanodiamonds, in some places there were clusters that combine into a layer in the form of a protective film.The study showed that toothpaste with nanolaser capable of reducing the porosity of the enamel on its surface to form a protective film, thereby increasing its microhardness, and resistance.