Objective: to analyze all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality rates in the regions of the Russian Federation in the period 2000 to 2011, to group them in relation to the rates and trends of mortality and the proportion of persons older than able-bodied age. Material and methods. The authors used the 2000-2011 Russian Federal State Statistics Service data: all-cause and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality rates; the proportion of pensioners (women 55 years or older and men 60 years or older) in the RF subjects. The mean all-cause and CVD mortality rates, the proportion of CVD deaths; and the average absolute increment (loss) were calculated for all the regions. The correlation between CVD mortality rates and the average absolute increment was analyzed; the impact and significance of the time factor on changes in all-cause and CVD mortality rates were studied in the groups of the RF subjects. Results. The time factor was found to be statistically significant (p<0.0001) in changing all-cause and CVD mortality rates in the RF subjects. However, only 52 RF subjects were notified to have negative values of the mean absolute increment (loss) of both all-cause and CVD mortality rates. There were distinct regional differences in all-cause and CVD mortality rates, their trend, the share of CVD mortality rates (28-68%) of the all-cause ones, as well as none stable declining trend for mortality rates in the majority of the regions in the given period. The RF subjects were grouped in relation to the trend and levels of mortality and the proportion of pensioners in the region. High-mortality regions were defined; these included the Republics of Kalmykia and Tyva, the Chukotka and Nenets National Districts, the Kamchatka Territory, and as well as the Magadan Region that exhibited high mortality rates with a low proportion of pensioners; Altai and Primorye Territories, the Jewish, Amur, Khabarovsk, and Sakhalin Regions which tended to have higher mortality rates. To compare mortality rates and their trend in the regions, it is expedient to analyze them in the age- and sex-matched groups.