The paper presents information on the main indicators characterizing the cancer care to the population of the Russian Federation in 2017 according to the statistical reports of regional specialized agencies. It also gives data on the incidence of malignant neoplasms, on the number of patients followed up in cancer institutions at the end of the reporting year, as well as on the number of patients followed up for 5 years or more. Estimates are given for indicators, such as the proportion of morphologically verified diagnoses of their total number; the distribution of malignant neoplasms by stages, as well as neglect, mortality rates within a year of diagnosis. There are data on the prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the main nosological entities in the population of the Russian Federation.