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Vasilev R.A.

Lomonosov Moscow State University;
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Chernikovich V.Yu.

Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia

Evteeva M.A.

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Sakharov D.A.

Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia

Patrushev M.V.

Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia;
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Synthetic biology. Current state and applications

Authors:

Vasilev R.A., Chernikovich V.Yu., Evteeva M.A., Sakharov D.A., Patrushev M.V.

More about the authors

Journal: Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology. 2021;39(1): 18‑30

DOI: 10.17116/molgen20213901118

Read: 1833 times

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Table of contents

SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY. CURRENT STATE AND APPLICATIONS
SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY. CURRENT STATE AND APPLICATIONS

To cite this article:

Vasilev RA, Chernikovich VYu, Evteeva MA, Sakharov DA, Patrushev MV. Synthetic biology. Current state and applications. Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology. 2021;39(1):18‑30. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/molgen20213901118

Подписка 2026 Молекулярная генетика, микробиология и вирусология (Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology)
МСФ на ЯМ
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Abstract:

This review is devoted to synthetic biology, a field where the methods and techniques of molecular biology are applied to form a determined cell behavior based on theoretically constructed regulatory networks using engineering approaches. One can imagine a cell as a device that performs several types of basic functions: sensory, processing of incoming information, formation of a response. The input signals present as endogenous and exogenous, physical and chemical factors, the impact of which leads to the launch of information processing cascades. These include signaling and metabolic pathways, changes in which, as a rule, lead to a modification of the transcriptional profile. The answer lies in a change in metabolic profile followed by physiological changes. Taking this into account, it is possible to draw a direct analogy between a cell and a computer, which in turn gives every reason to apply the principles of engineering to natural biological systems in general and to genetic networks in particular. In addition to the main directions of synthetic biology, their principles and methods, specific examples of the application of the synthetic-biological approach in medicine and other fields are considered.

Keywords:

synthetic biology
artificial gene circuits
logic gates
orthogonality
expression regulation

Authors:

Vasilev R.A.

Lomonosov Moscow State University;
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Chernikovich V.Yu.

Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia

Evteeva M.A.

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Sakharov D.A.

Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia

Patrushev M.V.

Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia;
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Received:

18.03.2020

Accepted:

18.07.2020

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