The 132 gonococcal strains collected in Arkhangelsk (Russia) in 2014—2016 were typed according Neisseria gonorrhoeae multi antigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) protocol. The high population diversity was described: 53 NG-MAST types were revealed where 30 had new porB or tbpB allele or allele’s combination and were firstly described NG-MAST types. Three ways of diversity development are shown: persistent transmission of some strains along «sexual chains» (40.1% of the local N. gonorrhoeae population); introduction of new molecular types (27.3%); and accumulation of point mutations in the porB and tbpB genes that led to appearance of previously unknown N. gonorrhoeae genotypic variants (32.6%). The novel NG-MAST types inherited the mutation profile in the penA, ponA, rpsJ, gyrA, and parC genes, which leads to conservation of resistance to antimicrobials in the local N. gonorrhoeae population, whereas these determinants did not play a role in the modern N. gonorrhoeae molecular evolution.