Determination of somatic mutations in the genes of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR) and thrombopoietin receptor (MPL) are included in the WHO’s clinical recommendations as major diagnostic criteria for chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). However, the high costs of rare molecular genetic tests limits the availability and timeliness of diagnosis. Storage and transport tubes of venous blood is associated with certain difficulties in ensuring the safety and reliability of preanalytical stage. An alternative to use of genetic research is blood collecting on a special paper — dried blood spot (DBS). The Russian Federation has not yet been validated methods for detection of driver mutations in chronic myeloid tumors of DBS samples. Purpose of this investigation is compare the results of identify mutations in the JAK2, CALR and MPL genes when using the venous blood samples or the DBS specimens. Material and methods. The study was conducted on blood samples 105 patients with verified diagnosis MPN. DBS was prepared by drawing blood on the Whatman FTA card. DNA was isolated by «DNA-Sorb B» («Interlabservice», Russia). V617F JAK2 mutation and mutation in exon 10 of the CALR gene was detected by previously developed in our laboratory sets for RT-PCR method. Mutations in exon 9 of MPL gene was performed in accordance with the method, designed by A. Pancrazzi et al. Results. The results of the test liquid and DBS samples were identical to each other on all mutations detection. The quantitative test shows high rate correlation (r=0,96, р<0,05) the level of the JAK2 V617F allele burden between the results of the testing of liquid blood and the DBS. Conclusions. Test results indicate safety genomic DNA in the DBS during storage for at least 8 days at room temperature. Method RT-PCR determination of somatic mutations in the JAK2 gene, CALR and MPL in the DBS for the purpose of differential diagnosis of MPN is recommended for sampling in remote regions for subsequent analysis in specialized laboratories.