By using the current complex hygienic, clinical, functional, laboratory, and statistical studies, the authors estimated the etiological share of working environmental and work process factors in relation to the nature and intensity of their influence in the development of cardiovascular diseases in the workers from a machine-building enterprise. Occupation was ascertained to be highly responsible for arterial hypertension, very high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), that is the most atherogenic lipid fraction, and for triglyceridemia in the workers exposed to a combination of noise and vibration. It was found that there were significant differences in echocardiographic parameters, the integral values of regulation of the cardiovascular system, the values of the hemostatic system (fibrinogen, prothrombin index) and lipid spectrum (total cholesterol, LDL-C, atherogenicity coefficient) and a preponderance of the atherogenic phenotypes of types IIa and IIb hyperlipidemias in the group of both noise- and vibration-exposed workers with a service length of over 15 years as compared to those with a short service length. The increases in systolic, diastolic, and pulse blood pressure and index of functional changes showed a direct linear relationship to LDL-C levels. A package of medical preventive, therapeutic, and rehabilitation measures to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and to prevent them in the workers of a machine-building enterprise has been scientifically substantiated and developed. The regression analysis-based predictive estimate could determine reductions in systolic blood pressure by 5.1 mg Hg and in index of functional changes by 0.1 scores with a 0.5-mmol/l decrease in LDL-C levels.