T.P. Pavlov and S.T. Pavlov as outstanding representatives of the St. Petersburg Dermatological School made a significant contribution to the development of national dermatology and venereology. This article is devoted to scientific practice of these researchers. Timofey Pavlovich Pavlov (1860—1932) and his son Sergey Timofeyevich Pavlov (1897—1971) as scientists and physicians have gone similar ways. They graduated from the military medical academy, had a European traineeship and magnificent mentors. However, T.P. Pavlov’s mentor was professor S.P. Botkin while S.T. Pavlov was taught by his father T.P. Pavlov. He was a professor (1897), corresponding-member of French Dermatological Society (1901), academician of the Imperial Military Medical Academy (1913), founder of a major dermatological school. S.T. Pavlov further developed medical researches of his father. T.P. Pavlov as an adherent of nervism theory and unsurpassed master of histopathological research published 35 scientific reports including 2 monographs devoted to etiology and pathogenesis of various dermatoses and syphilis. T.P. Pavlov considered that pathogenesis of dermatoses (chronic exudative erythema, eczema, lichen planus, psoriasis, pruritus, alopecia areata, Darier’s disease, etc.) is associated with functional disorders of nervous system. He described focal changes of the vessels in syphilis, tuberculosis and leprosy, analyzed effectiveness of salvarsan in treatment of syphilis, physiotherapy and radiotherapy for skin diseases. S.T. Pavlov is a corresponding-member of Academy of Medical Sciences (1950), honored scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1960), major general of medical service. He has published over 80 scientific papers including 2 monographs devoted to eczema, neurodermatitis, parapsoriasis, prurigo. He has also analyzed the incidence of dermatological and venereal diseases in the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War and their prevention, the problem of frostbite, teaching dermatology and venereology, etc. Some works of both representatives of the Pavlov’s dynasty are analyzed in the article.