The original method of the replacement of postresectional defects of the pericardium, diaphragm and the thoracic wall with the use of tissue implant of nanostructural nickelid-titan thread was tested in vivo on 30 outbred dogs. The efficacy of the plasty was assessed radiologically and pathomorphologically. The nickelid-titan thread implant proved to be a good plastic substance, allowing the replacement of major postresectional defects of various thoracic structures. The newly formed tissue intergrows the implant mass, thus forming the entity of regenerative tissue, which completely provides anatomic and physiologic reconstruction of the injured area.