Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the main causes of death and disability of the Russian working population and at present there are no known drugs with a proven neuroprotective effect. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of craniocerebral hypothermia (CCH) in the complex therapy of IS and its effect when used in long-term therapy. Material and methods. 113 patients were treated, which were divided into the experimental group (CCH administered) and control group (without CCH). To evaluate the temperature of the brain, a non-invasive microwave thermometer was used that could record the average temperature in a given tissue volume. The degree of neurologic deficiency was evaluated using the NIHSS scale, the degree of disability at the 90th day from the onset of the disease — according to the modified Rankin scale. Results. In the experimental group, there was a marked decrease in the level of neurological deficit in the acute period after 24 hours of CCH (p<0.01). Also, there was a decrease in the degree of disability by 0.6—0.9 points in groups with CCH. The mortality on the 90th day from the onset of the disease in the group of patients with severe and extremely severe neurologic deficit decreased by 28% (p<0.01), in the group of patients with a deficit of less than 13 points in the NIHSS scale, there were no significant differences. CCH has a pronounced therapeutic effect when applied in combination with standard treatment. It can be assumed that this effect is a consequence of the decrease in brain edema and the protection of the penumbra zone. Conclusions. CCH can be considered as an effective technique for treating patients with IS and is recommended for use in its complex therapy.