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«Троянский конь» для глиобластомы: стратегия целевой доставки аптамеров

«Троянский конь» для глиобластомы: стратегия целевой доставки аптамеров

Авторы:
Павлова С.А.,
Дзариева Ф.М.,
Галина Валериевна Павлова,
Фаб Л.В.

Журнал: Вопросы нейрохирургии имени Н.Н. Бурденко. 2025;89(6-2):50-56.

DOI: 10.17116/neiro20258906250

Прочитано: 1250 раз

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Резюме

Глиомы относятся к наиболее агрессивным первичным опухолям головного мозга и отличаются крайне неблагоприятным прогнозом. Несмотря на стандартное лечение, включающее хирургическое вмешательство, радиотерапию и химиотерапию, медиана выживаемости пациентов остается крайне низкой. Основными препятствиями для эффективного лечения являются высокая гетерогенность опухоли, наличие гематоэнцефалического барьера (ГЭБ) и сложности таргетной доставки терапевтических агентов. В данном обзоре рассматривается потенциал аптамеров в качестве альтернативы традиционным подходам. Особое внимание уделено механизмам преодоления ГЭБ и клеточной интернализации аптамеров, в частности рецептор-опосредованному эндоцитозу, который играет ключевую роль в эффективном проникновении этих молекул в опухолевые клетки. Анализ современных данных показывает, что аптамеры, специфичные к поверхностным маркерам клеток глиомы, не только обеспечивают высокоточную визуализацию опухоли, но и открывают новые возможности для адресной доставки терапевтических агентов, представляя собой перспективный инструмент для развития персонализированной терапии глиобластомы.

Ключевые слова

  • аптамеры
  • глиомы
  • эндоцитоз

Дата поступления: 21.10.2025

Дата принятия в печать: 26.11.2025

Дата публикации: 13.01.2026

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Конъюгированные молекулы на основе аптамеров в экспериментальных и клинических подходах к терапии глиобластомы.Вопросы нейрохирургии имени Н.Н. Бурденко. 2025;89(6-2):44-49

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