THE AIM

Is to improve the algorithm for diagnosing patients with OPMD, in particular with leukoplakia and oral lichen planus (OLP), by identifying the relationship with etiological factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A retrospective analysis of the data of medical records of 108 patients with OPMD was carried out. The frequency of occurrence of such pathogens as Helicobacter pylori (HP), herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), electrochemical potential difference (EPD), as well as a combination of these factors and the presence of somatic pathology were evaluated

RESULTS

93 (86.1%) patients had concomitant pathology. A reliable relationship was noted between the presence of concomitant pathology and the manifestation of OPMD. In leukoplakia, this sign was detected significantly more often. A statistically significant association was found between etiological factors such as HP, HSV, EBV and EPD of the oral cavity and leukoplakia and OLP. A statistically significant association of the compatibility of factors such as HP and EBV; EBV and HSV; EBV and EPD with the above diagnoses was also found. These combinations of factors were more common in leukoplakia.

CONCLUSION

There is a relationship between such etiological factors as concomitant pathology; viral carriage and infection with Helicobacter pylori; the presence of EPD; as well as the compatibility of these factors with each other and the manifestation of OPMD, in particular lichen planus and leukoplakia, with the predominant involvement of the latter. This makes it possible to recommend an assessment of the above etiological factors in the diagnosis of patients with this pathology. However, there is a need for further research involving more patients and a wider range of predisposing factors.