Objective: to investigate the prevalence of chronic cystic maxillary sinusitis and the frequency of surgical accesses applied to the affected sinus in the treatment of this disease. Material and methods. The archival material including 12,094 medical histories of patients who had undergone surgical treatment in five largest Moscow ENT clinics in 2014 was analyzed. Results. It was established that a total of 659 surgical interventions were performed to remove a cyst in the maxillary sinus during the year, accounting for 34.1% of the total number of the operations for chronic maxillary sinusitis and 4.1% of the total number of ENT surgeries. The investigators used the following surgical approaches: an endonasal approach (via the middle nasal meatus) in 188 (28.5%) cases, an extranasal one (through the anterior sinus wall) in 454 (68.9%) patients, and a combined one in 17 (2.6%) cases. Conclusion. It is noted that it is worthwhile elaborating recommendations for choosing an optimal surgical access to maxillary sinus cysts.