FAT TISSUE: MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS DURING PREGNANCY
V.A. Burlev, I.V. Timoshina, N.A. Ilyasova, L.M. Komissarova
A review reflects the endocrine, paracrine and autocrinе functions of fat tissue before and during pregnancy. The possible mechanisms of obesity and pathogenic mechanisms of heavy complications of pregnancy are discussed.
Key words: adiposity, pregnancy, fat tissue (page 9—17)
THE METABOLIC PROFILE OF THE MURINE SEMINAL PLASMA AFFECTED by ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS WITH POLYCHLORBIPHENYLS
E.F. Galimova
The metabolic characteristics of seminal plasma, including the identification of basic energy and plastic substrates, as well as end-products of metabolism are estimated. It is established that the intoxication by polychlorinated biphenyls impairs the constancy of the biochemical composition of seminal fluid and results in infertility. The hypothesis of an adaptive role of lactate in extreme conditions is discussed.
Keywords: seminal plasma, biochemical composition, male infertility, PCBs (page 18—21)
FUNDAMENTAL AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL ESTROGENS AS A PART OF MODERN COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTION (A REVIEW)
D.V. Liznyova, A.I. Sinitsina
This review presents recent data on the specifics aspects of the pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and biological effects of natural estrogens used in combined oral contraceptives.
Key words: contraception, estradiol, estradiol valerate, pharmacokinetics, lipids, carbohydrate (page 22—26)
MASTITIS IN GIRLS (A REVIEW)
L.V. Adamyan, E.A. Bogdanova, E.V. Sibirskaya, I.N. Sorokina
Modern data on aetiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the non-lactation mastitis in girls are presented.
Key words: mastitis, lactation (page 27—32)
ESTROGENS REPLACEMENT THERAPY: EFFECT ON HEMODYNAMICS AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH TURNER SYNDROME (a review)
О.А. Evstigneeva, O.R. Grigoryan, I.S. Yarovaya, E.N. Andreeva
Oestrogen deficiency promotes the changes of vascular wall. In general population a 0,1mm increase of intima media thickness in the common carotid artery is associated with 11 % increased risk of anterior myocardial infarction. It has been shown that the increase of oestrogen doses reduces the intima media thickness in the common carotid artery.
Key words: hormone replacement therapy, estrogens, Turner syndrome (page 33—36)
THE FEATURES OF HYPERANDROGENISM IN WOMEN OF ARMENIAN NATIONALITY
K.E. Kirakosyan, T.A. Nazarenko, K.V. Krasnopolskaya
In order to determine the frequency of hyper androgenic states in the structure of the female reproductive disorders in women of Armenian nationality a full clinical and laboratory examination of 351 patients, consisting in a barren marriage was carried out. The features of course of hyper androgenic states in observed ethnic group was studied by analyzing the clinical and anamnestic, laboratory and instrumental examinations of 251 patients with infertility and the stigma of hyper androgenism. It is established that the structure of infertile marriages among the couples of Armenian origin is characterized by a predominance of endocrine forms — 39.4%. Adrenal hyper androgenism, isolated or combined with other forms of endocrine infertility, was diagnosed in 71% of women with endocrine forms of sterility, which makes this pathology pathognomonic for women of Armenian ethnic group. The differential diagnosis of PCOS and primary adrenal hyper androgenism in the proposed algorithm has allowed selecting a group of patients with primary adrenal steroidogenesis violations, which accounted for 32% of women with endocrine disorders.
Key words: structure of infertile marriages in persons of Armenian nationality, PCOS, adrenal hyper androgenism (page 45—49)
DEPENDENCE OF IVF EFFICIENCY ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
I.V. Medyannikova, L.G. Makarkina, T.V. Koveshnikova, M.S. Svorova, Yu.V. Erisova
Evaluation of the IVF effeciency in Omsk, Siberian Federal District of Russia was performed. It has been found that low air temperature (below 0°C) and high humidity (over 70%) are associated with poor results. The most favorable period for IVF in thisarea is the summer and autumn.
Key words: in vitro fertilization, climate (page 54—58)
THE ANALYSIS OF SPERM DNA FRAGMENTATION IN INFERTILITY PATIENTS WITH THE HELP OF ACRIDINE ORANGE STAINING
Yu.I. Sheina, T.A. Zaiceva, N.A. Mahalova, A.V. Novoseltceva, E.V. Markova, A.V. Svetlakov
The association between DNA sperm fragmentation and sperm concentration, motility and morphology was investigated. Sperm DNA fragmentation after antioxidant treatment was investigated. The inverse correlation between DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and sperm concentration, sperm motility and normal morphology was observed. The direct correlation between DFI and the teratozoospermia index, sperm deformity index and certain morphological abnormalities was revealed. The decrease of DFI after antioxidant treatment was demonstrated.
Key words: sperm DNA fragmentation, sperm chromatin structure assay, male infertility, antioxidant therapy (page 74—79)
THE GENETIC ASPECTS OF PREECLAMPSIA UP TO DATE (A REVIEW)
S.G.Tsakhilova, D.Kh. Sakharova, G.N. Djohnboboeva, Kh. Daniyalova, V.V. Kuznetsov, Z.V. Khasikova
A review includes the analysis of genetic polymorphisms at preeclampsia and genetic predisposition to preeclampsia.
Key words: preeclampsia, genetics, polymorphism of genes, alleles, etiology, pathogenesis, PCR (page 98—101)
THE FREQUENCY OF AUTOANTIBODIES TO ISLET CELLS DETECTION AND THE ROLE OF AUTOIMMUNITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES
E.S. Timokhina, T.V. Saprina, I.N. Vorozhtsova
The purpose of the study was to determine the carrier frequency of autoantibodies to β-cells in the pancreas and thyroid gland in pregnant women with and without impaired glucose metabolism, the role of autoantibodies in the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and their role in gestational and perinatal complications. The prevalence of autoantibodies to islet cells of the pancreas in pregnant women with GDM has significant ethnic features. One of the three studied autoantibodies was found in 13.2% of women with GDM and in 9.8% of women without disorders of carbohydrate metabolism.
Key words: gestational diabetes, autoantibodies, pregnancy (page 107—111)
THE EFFICACY OF PHYTOESTROGENS IN CORRECTION OF MENOPAUSAL SYNDROME
E.V. Zhidkova, Е.Е. Lesiovskaya, V.A. Linde
Hormone replacement therapy has become the main focus observed in the literature in context of menopausal syndrome treatment. Last years a new tendency has appeared looking for safest methods of treatment of menopausal syndrome. Phytoestrogens could be considered as one of such methods.
Key words: menopausal syndrome, hormone replacement therapy, phytoestrogens (page 115—119)