3033-6368 3033-6759 Адаптивная медицинская иммунология и вопросы общественного здоровья Journal of Adaptive Medical Immunology and Public Health Issues 3033-6368 3033-6759 Издательство "Медиа Сфера" Media Sphera Publishers 10.17116/immunology2025101139 Оригинальные исследования Original investigations Циклоферон при часто рецидивирующем генитальном герпесе: обзор доказательной базы и клинических перспектив Cycloferon for frequently recurring genital herpes: a review of the evidence base and clinical prospects 0000-0001-6204-0145 Петров Андрей Юрьевич Petrov A.Yu. 0000-0002-3486-8188 Татаурщикова Наталья Станиславовна Tataurshchikova N.S. 0000-0003-3695-2671 Коваленко А.Л. Kovalenko A.L. alleokov@mail.ru 0000-0002-7964-8867 Максимова Анна Владимировна Maksimova A.V. ФГБУ «НКЦТ им. С.Н. Голикова ФМБА России» Санкт-Петербург Россия Golikov Research Center of Toxicology Saint Petersburg Russia ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы» Москва Россия RUDN University Moscow Russia 21 10 2025 1 1 39 44 11 07 2025 26 08 2025 21 10 2025 https://www.mediasphera.ru/issues/adaptivnaya-meditsinskaya-immunologiya-i-voprosy-obshchestvennogo-zdorovya/2025/1/1303363682025011039

Часто рецидивирующий генитальный герпес (ЧРГГ) представляет собой сложную медико-социальную проблему. Заболевание ЧРГГ существенно снижает качество жизни пациентов. Вирус простого герпеса 2-го типа (ВПГ-2), реже 1-го типа (ВПГ-1), персистирует в ганглиях нервной системы, обусловливая хроническое рецидивирующее течение заболевания. В последние годы внимание исследователей привлекают иммуномодулирующие препараты, способные влиять на иммунный ответ и тем самым контролировать вирусную репликацию и снижать частоту обострений. Одним из таких препаратов является Циклоферон (меглюмина акридонацетат) — индуктор эндогенного интерферона, оказывающий противовирусное и иммуномодулирующее действие. Данный обзор посвящен анализу данных об эффективности препарата Циклоферон в лечении ЧРГГ, оценке его потенциальных преимуществ и ограничений, а также определению перспективных направлений дальнейших исследований в этой области. Нашей целью является предоставление научно обоснованной информации, которая поможет клиницистам в принятии решений о целесообразности применения препарата Циклоферон в комплексной терапии часто рецидивирующего генитального герпеса.

Frequently recurring genital herpes (FRGH) is a serious medical and social problem that significantly reduces patients’ quality of life. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), less commonly type 1 (HSV-1), persists in the ganglia of the nervous system, causing a chronic recurrent course of the disease. In recent years, researchers have been focusing on immunomodulatory drugs that can influence the immune response and, thereby, control viral replication and reduce the frequency of exacerbations. One such drug is Cycloferon (meglumine acridonacetate), an inducer of endogenous interferon with antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. This review is devoted to the analysis of existing data on the effectiveness of Cycloferon in the treatment of frequently recurring genital herpes, the assessment of its potential advantages and limitations, and the identification of promising areas for further research in this field. Our goal is to provide a scientifically sound review that will help clinicians make decisions about the appropriateness of using Cycloferon in the complex therapy of FRGH.

 генитальный герпес рецидивирующий патология меглюмина акридонацетат genital herpes recurring pathology meglumine acridonacetate Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Fatahzadeh M, Schwartz RA. Human herpes simplex virus infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis, and management. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2007;57(5):737-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2007.06.027 Fatahzadeh M, Schwartz RA. Human herpes simplex virus infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis, and management. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2007;57(5):737-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2007.06.027 Khanna KM, Bonneau RH, Kinchington PR, Hendricks RL. Herpes simplex virus-specific memory CD8+ T cells are selectively activated and accumulate in latently infected nervous tissue. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2003;198(5):719-730 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00112-2 Khanna KM, Bonneau RH, Kinchington PR, Hendricks RL. Herpes simplex virus-specific memory CD8+ T cells are selectively activated and accumulate in latently infected nervous tissue. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2003;198(5):719-730 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00112-2 Steiner I, Kennedy PG, Pachner AR. The neurotropic herpes viruses: herpes simplex and varicella-zoster. Lancet Neurology. 2007;6(11):1015-1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70267-3 Steiner I, Kennedy PG, Pachner AR. The neurotropic herpes viruses: herpes simplex and varicella-zoster. Lancet Neurology. 2007;6(11):1015-1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70267-3 Zhu S, Viejo-Borbolla A. Pathogenesis and virulence of herpes simplex virus. Virulence. 2021;12(1):2670-2702. https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1982373 Zhu S, Viejo-Borbolla A. Pathogenesis and virulence of herpes simplex virus. Virulence. 2021;12(1):2670-2702. https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1982373 Малашенкова И.К., Дидковский Н.А. Принципы иммунокоррегирующей терапии вторичных иммунодефицитов, ассоциированных с хронической вирусно-бактериальной инфекцией. РМЖ. 2002;21:973. Malashenkova I, Didkovsky N. Principles of immunocorrective therapy for secondary immunodeficiencies associated with chronic viral-bacterial infection. RMJ. 2002;21:973. (In Russ.). Khanna KM, Bonneau RH, Kinchington PR, Hendricks RL. IL-12 administration during primary genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection reduces HSV-2 latency and subsequent recurrences. Journal of Immunology. 2003;170(8):4241-4249. Khanna KM, Bonneau RH, Kinchington PR, Hendricks RL. IL-12 administration during primary genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection reduces HSV-2 latency and subsequent recurrences. Journal of Immunology. 2003;170(8):4241-4249. Freeman ML, Sheridan BS. The role of CD4(+) T cells in herpes simplex virus type 1 latency and reactivation. Journal of Neurovirology. 2012;18(1):1-9. Freeman ML, Sheridan BS. The role of CD4(+) T cells in herpes simplex virus type 1 latency and reactivation. Journal of Neurovirology. 2012;18(1):1-9. Нестерова И.В. Врожденные и приобретенные интерферонопатии: дифференцированные подходы к интерферонкорректирующей терапии. Детские инфекции. 2017;16(2): 50-53. https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2017-16-2-50-53 Nesterova IV. Congenital and acquired interferonopathies: differentiated approaches to interferon-corrective therapy. Detskie infekcii. 2017;16(2): 50-53. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2017-16-2-50-53 Samuel CE. Antiviral actions of interferons. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2001;14(4):778-809. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.4.778-809.2001 Samuel CE. Antiviral actions of interferons. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2001;14(4):778-809. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.4.778-809.2001 Crow YJ, Manel N. Monogenic type I interferonopathies: Mendelian disorders unveiling immune pathways. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2015;15(7):422-432. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3850 Crow YJ, Manel N. Monogenic type I interferonopathies: Mendelian disorders unveiling immune pathways. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2015;15(7):422-432. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3850 Zhang Y, Stein SC, Kindrick DL, et al. TLR3 deficiency in human fetal astrocytes impairs innate immunity against herpes simplex virus type 1. Journal of Immunology. 2013;190(11):5603-5613. Zhang Y, Stein SC, Kindrick DL, et al. TLR3 deficiency in human fetal astrocytes impairs innate immunity against herpes simplex virus type 1. Journal of Immunology. 2013;190(11):5603-5613. Rönnblom L, Alm GV. Systemic lupus erythematosus and interferon-alpha. Autoimmunity. 2001;33(1):3-13. Rönnblom L, Alm GV. Systemic lupus erythematosus and interferon-alpha. Autoimmunity. 2001;33(1):3-13. Blaszczyk KN, Rychlowski JM, Gorski A, et al. Increased expression of interferon-alpha-induced genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2005;140(2):345-352. Blaszczyk KN, Rychlowski JM, Gorski A, et al. Increased expression of interferon-alpha-induced genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2005;140(2):345-352. de Veer MJ, Holko M, Frevel M, Walker E, Der SD, Silverman RH. Functional classification of interferon-stimulated genes. Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research. 2001;21(Suppl 1):S1-S9. de Veer MJ, Holko M, Frevel M, Walker E, Der SD, Silverman RH. Functional classification of interferon-stimulated genes. Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research. 2001;21(Suppl 1):S1-S9. Pfeffer LM, Mullersman JE, Pfeffer SR, Murti A, Hood HM, Kruskel L. Interferon-alpha enhances JAK-STAT signaling in cells of the immune system. Cellular Immunology. 1997;179(1):1-11. Pfeffer LM, Mullersman JE, Pfeffer SR, Murti A, Hood HM, Kruskel L. Interferon-alpha enhances JAK-STAT signaling in cells of the immune system. Cellular Immunology. 1997;179(1):1-11. Hall JC, Rosen A, Kahn JE, Lorentzen DF, Jiang HR. Interferon-stimulated gene expression is an early and sensitive marker of lupus disease activity. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2008;1143:192-210. Hall JC, Rosen A, Kahn JE, Lorentzen DF, Jiang HR. Interferon-stimulated gene expression is an early and sensitive marker of lupus disease activity. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2008;1143:192-210. Crow YJ, Chase DS, Lowenstein Schmidt J, Szynkiewicz M, Forte GM, Gornall HL, Oojageer A, Anderson B, Pizzino A, Helman G, Abdel-Hamid MS, Abdel-Salam GM, Ackroyd S, Aeby A, Agosta G, Albin C, Allon-Shalev S, Arellano M, Ariaudo G, Aswani V, Babul-Hirji R, Baildam EM, Bahi-Buisson N, Bailey KM, Barnerias C, Barth M, Battini R, Beresford MW, Bernard G, Bianchi M, Billette de Villemeur T, Blair EM, Bloom M, Burlina AB, Carpanelli ML, Carvalho DR, Castro-Gago M, Cavallini A, Cereda C, Chandler KE, Chitayat DA, Collins AE, Sierra Corcoles C, Cordeiro NJ, Crichiutti G, Dabydeen L, Dale RC, D’Arrigo S, De Goede CG, De Laet C, De Waele LM, Denzler I, Desguerre I, Devriendt K, Di Rocco M, Fahey MC, Fazzi E, Ferrie CD, Figueiredo A, Gener B, Goizet C, Gowrinathan NR, Gowrishankar K, Hanrahan D, Isidor B, Kara B, Khan N, King MD, Kirk EP, Kumar R, Lagae L, Landrieu P, Lauffer H, Laugel V, La Piana R, Lim MJ, Lin JP, Linnankivi T, Mackay MT, Marom DR, Marques Lourenço C, McKee SA, Moroni I, Morton JE, Moutard ML, Murray K, Nabbout R, Nampoothiri S, Nunez-Enamorado N, Oades PJ, Olivieri I, Ostergaard JR, Pérez-Dueñas B, Prendiville JS, Ramesh V, Rasmussen M, Régal L, Ricci F, Rio M, Rodriguez D, Roubertie A, Salvatici E, Segers KA, Sinha GP, Soler D, Spiegel R, Stödberg TI, Straussberg R, Swoboda KJ, Suri M, Tacke U, Tan TY, te Water Naude J, Wee Teik K, Thomas MM, Till M, Tonduti D, Valente EM, Van Coster RN, van der Knaap MS, Vassallo G, Vijzelaar R, Vogt J, Wallace GB, Wassmer E, Webb HJ, Whitehouse WP, Whitney RN, Zaki MS, Zuberi SM, Livingston JH, Rozenberg F, Lebon P, Vanderver A, Orcesi S, Rice GI. Characterization of human disease phenotypes associated with mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR1 and IFIH1. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. 2015;167A(2):296-308. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.36887 Crow YJ, Chase DS, Lowenstein Schmidt J, Szynkiewicz M, Forte GM, Gornall HL, Oojageer A, Anderson B, Pizzino A, Helman G, Abdel-Hamid MS, Abdel-Salam GM, Ackroyd S, Aeby A, Agosta G, Albin C, Allon-Shalev S, Arellano M, Ariaudo G, Aswani V, Babul-Hirji R, Baildam EM, Bahi-Buisson N, Bailey KM, Barnerias C, Barth M, Battini R, Beresford MW, Bernard G, Bianchi M, Billette de Villemeur T, Blair EM, Bloom M, Burlina AB, Carpanelli ML, Carvalho DR, Castro-Gago M, Cavallini A, Cereda C, Chandler KE, Chitayat DA, Collins AE, Sierra Corcoles C, Cordeiro NJ, Crichiutti G, Dabydeen L, Dale RC, D’Arrigo S, De Goede CG, De Laet C, De Waele LM, Denzler I, Desguerre I, Devriendt K, Di Rocco M, Fahey MC, Fazzi E, Ferrie CD, Figueiredo A, Gener B, Goizet C, Gowrinathan NR, Gowrishankar K, Hanrahan D, Isidor B, Kara B, Khan N, King MD, Kirk EP, Kumar R, Lagae L, Landrieu P, Lauffer H, Laugel V, La Piana R, Lim MJ, Lin JP, Linnankivi T, Mackay MT, Marom DR, Marques Lourenço C, McKee SA, Moroni I, Morton JE, Moutard ML, Murray K, Nabbout R, Nampoothiri S, Nunez-Enamorado N, Oades PJ, Olivieri I, Ostergaard JR, Pérez-Dueñas B, Prendiville JS, Ramesh V, Rasmussen M, Régal L, Ricci F, Rio M, Rodriguez D, Roubertie A, Salvatici E, Segers KA, Sinha GP, Soler D, Spiegel R, Stödberg TI, Straussberg R, Swoboda KJ, Suri M, Tacke U, Tan TY, te Water Naude J, Wee Teik K, Thomas MM, Till M, Tonduti D, Valente EM, Van Coster RN, van der Knaap MS, Vassallo G, Vijzelaar R, Vogt J, Wallace GB, Wassmer E, Webb HJ, Whitehouse WP, Whitney RN, Zaki MS, Zuberi SM, Livingston JH, Rozenberg F, Lebon P, Vanderver A, Orcesi S, Rice GI. Characterization of human disease phenotypes associated with mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR1 and IFIH1. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. 2015;167A(2):296-308. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.36887 Yan Y, Jiang Y, Liu Y, et al. Elevated serum interferon-alpha levels in patients with autoimmune diseases. Journal of Clinical Immunology. 2006;26(6):529-536. Yan Y, Jiang Y, Liu Y, et al. Elevated serum interferon-alpha levels in patients with autoimmune diseases. Journal of Clinical Immunology. 2006;26(6):529-536. Crow YJ. Type I interferonopathies: Mendelian mimics of acquired immune disorders. Current Opinion in Immunology. 2011;23(6):703-709. Crow YJ. Type I interferonopathies: Mendelian mimics of acquired immune disorders. Current Opinion in Immunology. 2011;23(6):703-709. Theofilopoulos AN, Baccala R, Beutler B, Kono DH. Type I interferons (alpha/beta) in immunity and autoimmunity. Annual Review of Immunology. 2005;23:307-336. Theofilopoulos AN, Baccala R, Beutler B, Kono DH. Type I interferons (alpha/beta) in immunity and autoimmunity. Annual Review of Immunology. 2005;23:307-336. Вавиленкова Ю.А. Современные представления о системе интерферона. Вестник Смоленской государственной медицинской академии. 2012;2:74-82. Vavilenkova YA. Modern concepts of the interferon system//Bulletin of the Smolensk State Medical Academy. Vestnik Smolenskoj gosudarstvennoj medicinskoj akademii. 2012;2:74-82. (In Russ.). Ершов Ф.И. Интерфероны и их индукторы (от молекул до лекарств). М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2005. Ershov FI. Interferony` i ix induktory` (ot molekul do lekarstv). M.: GEOTAR-Media; 2005. (In Russ.). Казанцев В.С., Афанасьева О.И., Кузьмина Т.Ю. и др. Клинико-иммунологическая эффективность циклоферона в комплексной терапии рецидивирующего генитального герпеса. Вопросы вирусологии. 2000;5:32-35. Kazantsev VS, Afanasyeva OI, Kuzmina TYu, et al. Clinical and immunological efficacy of cycloferon in the complex therapy of recurrent genital herpes. Voprosy` virusologii. 2000;5:32-35. (In Russ.). Малова И.О., Хамитова Г.Р., Ефимова Е.Е. Оценка эффективности циклоферона в комплексной терапии рецидивирующего генитального герпеса. Сибирский медицинский журнал (Иркутск). 2010;95(4):146-149. Malova IO, Khamitova GR, Efimova EE. Evaluation of the effectiveness of cycloferon in the complex therapy of recurrent genital herpes. Sibirskij medicinskij zhurnal (Irkutsk). 2010;95(4):146-149. (In Russ.).