Accumulation of sulfur and phosphorus in the eye’s drainage system in primary open-angle glaucoma

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PURPOSE

To analyze the chemical composition of the sclera and trabecular meshwork in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to assess the impact of corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOP) on the chemistry of the drainage area.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Biopsy specimens of the trabecular meshwork (89 specimens) and sclera (41 specimens) obtained from patients with POAG on maximal medical therapy were analyzed to determine the content of certain chemical elements — carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), silicon (Si) and sulfur (S). The elements were selected based on chemical structure target tissue and sensitivity of the method used for analysis. Visualization was performed using the «EVO LS 10» (Zeiss, Germany) scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the chemical composition was studied with the «Oxford-X-MAX-50» (Oxford, UK) energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation.

RESULTS

The IOP of patients with POAG was found to have positive correlation with the total amount of S, P, and Ca in the trabecular meshwork. The accumulation of sulfur-containing compounds associated with pigment granules in trabecular meshwork’s tissue was identified. A correlation was determined between the organic and inorganic (mineral) phosphorus content in the trabeculae, and the IOP values. The organic component of phosphorus was better represented than the mineral component in patients with increased IOP.

CONCLUSION

In patients with POAG, an increase in the IOP level causes the amount of S associated with pigment granules and the proportion of organic P to increase in the trabecular meshwork, which should be taken into account in the further search for drug therapy that would potentially affect pathologically altered tissue.

Keywords:

elemental composition

energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

primary open-angle glaucoma

intraocular pressure

sclera

trabecular meshwork

Authors:

M.V. Kravchik

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

ORCID: 0000-0001-5764-4198

I.A. Novikov

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

ORCID: 0000-0003-4898-4662

A.M. Subbot

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

ORCID: 0000-0002-8258-6011

A.A. Antonov

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

ORCID: 0000-0002-5171-8261

S.Yu. Petrov

Research Institute of Eye Diseases

N.A. Pakhomova

Research Institute of Eye Diseases

Received:

27.05.2020

Accepted:

08.06.2020

Conflict of Interest :

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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