OBJECTIVE
To study the relationship between cognitive deficit in patients with fractures of the proximal femur and the risk of complications in the age aspect.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The data of 86 patients treated for a fracture of the proximal femur in the period March—May 2020 (44% of women and 42% of men), with an average age of 65.2±6.3 years were analyzed. Upon admission, all patients underwent an assessment of cognitive functions using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment — MOKA-test (2004), based on the results of which 2 groups were formed: 1st — 40 patients (46.5%) with cognitive impairment, group 2 — 46 patients (53.5%) without cognitive impairment.
RESULTS
The analysis revealed a significantly (p<0.05) higher incidence of complications in patients with cognitive impairments (15 cases — 37.5%) in comparison with the group of patients with intact cognitive function (5 cases — 10.9%). Also, when analyzing the incidence of individual complications in the study groups, statistically significant differences were revealed in the incidence of infectious-purulent complications, migration of metal structures and delayed consolidation, the development of contractures: these types of complications occurred more often in the 1st group of patients. This is probably due to the behavioral features of the studied group of patients, identified in the analysis of cognitive impairments in patients with fractures of the proximal femur.
CONCLUSION
Patients with fractures of the proximal femur, suffering from senile cognitive dysfunctions, are more prone to complications than patients with preserved cognitive function (37.5% versus 10.9%, respectively), which significantly complicates the course of the underlying disease and worsens the prognosis in elderly and old people.